Abstract

Vehicles present on the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can communicate with each other in order to determine the status of the road and vehicle in real time. These parameters are used to estimate the average speed and identify the optimal route to reach the destination. However, the government traffic departments are unable to use these valuable traffic data and thus more traffic jam, congestion and road accident occurs. In order to overcome this issue, this paper proposes an effective traffic control system with the help of IoV technology. The proposed method is demonstrated in the study are of Vellore district, Tamil Nadu, India. The street maps are segmented into number small number of distinct maps. Ant colony algorithm is applied to each map in order to find the optimal route. In addition, Fuzzy logic based traffic intensity calculation function is proposed in this paper to model the heavy traffic. The proposed IoV based route selection method is compared with the existing shortest path selection algorithms such as Dijikstra algorithm, Kruskal’s algorithm and Prim’s algorithm. The experimental results proved the good performance of the proposed IoV based route selection method.

Introduction

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) paradigm originally developed with the help of Internet of Things (IoT) technology. IoV is widely used in various environments it includes communications, transportation, information and automotive technology. The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is an expected conjunction of the Internet of Things and the mobile Internet. The IoV comprised of all current and new vehicles, either integrated or fitted with two-way RF equipment [51,52]. The IoV uses Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Road (V2R), Vehicleto-Human (V2H) and Vehicle-to-Sensor (V2S) communication networks to communicate between public networks and vehicles. It is predicted that more than 80% of vehicles sold globally in 2020 will be connected, either by smart-phone or embedded device integration [53]. IoV is one of the possible technologies to improve road safety, and provide in-car entertainment and on-board Internet services, such as, social networking, online media streaming, online navigation and real-time traffic report acquisition. Nowadays, a range of computing technologies such as “۵G”, “cloud computing” and “big data” have been used to monitor the vehicles, road traffic analysis, accident identification system [54,55]. Moreover, the convergence of IoV technology encompasses environmental protection, information communications, energy conservation, and safety. Due to the rapid growth in connected vehicles, many research issues need to be addressed it includes security, privacy and trust, network resource optimization and QoS guarantee for IoV [56].