مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد انجمن شهری آلودگی هوا با مرگ و میر ناشی از پنومونی – الزویر ۲۰۱۹

مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد انجمن شهری آلودگی هوا با مرگ و میر ناشی از پنومونی – الزویر ۲۰۱۹

 

مشخصات مقاله
ترجمه عنوان مقاله انجمن شهری کوتاه مدت تعدیل شده جوی آلودگی هوا با مرگ و میر ناشی از پنومونی در هنگ کنگ
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله Urban climate modified short-term association of air pollution with pneumonia mortality in Hong Kong
انتشار مقاله سال ۲۰۱۹
تعداد صفحات مقاله انگلیسی ۷ صفحه
هزینه دانلود مقاله انگلیسی رایگان میباشد.
پایگاه داده نشریه الزویر
نوع نگارش مقاله مقاله پژوهشی (Research article)
مقاله بیس این مقاله بیس نمیباشد
نمایه (index) scopus – master journals – JCR – MedLine
نوع مقاله ISI
فرمت مقاله انگلیسی  PDF
ایمپکت فاکتور(IF) ۴٫۶۱۰ در سال ۲۰۱۷
شاخص H_index ۱۹۰ در سال ۲۰۱۹
شاخص SJR ۱٫۵۴۶ در سال ۲۰۱۹
رشته های مرتبط محیط زیست
گرایش های مرتبط آلودگی هوا
نوع ارائه مقاله ژورنال
مجله / کنفرانس علم محیط زیست – Science of the Total Environment
دانشگاه School of Public Health – The University of Hong Kong – China
کلمات کلیدی آلودگی هوا، ذات الریه، نقشه آب و هوای شهری، مطالعه موردی، مطالعه معبر، مطالعه مورد کنترلی تو رد تو
کلمات کلیدی انگلیسی Air pollution, Pneumonia, Urban climate map, Case-only study, Case-crossover study, Nested case-control study
شناسه دیجیتال – doi
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.311
کد محصول E9482
وضعیت ترجمه مقاله  ترجمه آماده این مقاله موجود نمیباشد. میتوانید از طریق دکمه پایین سفارش دهید.
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فهرست مطالب مقاله:
Abstract
۱ Introduction
۲ Methods
۳ Results
۴ Discussion
References

بخشی از متن مقاله:
abstract

Background: City is becoming warmer, especially in the process of urbanization and climate change. However, it is largely unknown whether this warming urban climate may modify the short-term effects of air pollution. Objectives: To test whether warmer urban climates intensify the acute mortality effects of air pollution on pneumonia in Hong Kong. Methods: Participants who died of pneumonia from a prospective Chinese elderly cohort between 1998 and 2011 were selected as cases. Urban climatic (UC) classes of cases were determined by an established Urban Climatic Map according to their residential addresses. UC classes were first dichotomized into cool and warm climates and case-crossover analysis was used to estimate the short-term association of pneumonia mortality with air pollution. We further classified UC classes into climate quartiles and used case-only analysis to test the trend of urban climate modification on the short-term association of pneumonia mortality with air pollution. Results: Among 66,820 elders (≥۶۵ years), 2208 pneumonia deaths (cases) were identified during the 11–۱۴ years of follow-up. The effects of air pollution for cases residing in the warm climate were statistically significant (p b 0.05) higher than those living in the cool climate. There was an increasing linear trend of urban climate modification on the association of pneumonia mortality with NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) (p for trend = 0.035). Compared to climate Quartile 1 (the lowest), deaths resided in climate Quartile 2, 3, and 4 (the highest) were associated with an additional percent change of 9.07% (0.52%, 17.62%), 12.89% (4.34%, 21.43%), and 8.45% (−۰٫۱۰%, ۱۷٫۰۰%), respectively. Conclusions: Warmer urban climate worsened the acute mortality effects of pneumonia associated with air pollutants in Hong Kong. Our findings suggest that warmer urban climate introduced by climate change and urbanization may increase the risks of air pollution-related pneumonia.

Introduction

Pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide (World Health Organization, 2008). It affects about 450 million people globally and results in approximately 4 million deaths per year, accounting for 7% of the world’s total deaths (Ruuskanen et al., 2011). The annual incidence of pneumonia in the elder population is up to four-times than that of the younger group (Janssens and Krause, 2004). With the world is aging rapidly, pneumonia is becoming a major global public health problem. Air pollution is recognized as the world’s largest single environmental problem (Landrigan et al., 2018), and it is one significant risk factor for pneumonia diseases, especially for elders (Zanobetti and Woodhead, 2010). The adverse effects of air pollution on pneumonia morbidity and mortality have been well documented (Faustini et al., 2013; Meng et al., 2012; Nhung et al., 2018; Tian and Sun, 2017). However, the relative risk magnitudes of air pollution effects differ according to geographical regions (Katsouyanni et al., 2009; Kioumourtzoglou et al., 2015). For instance, a large-scale multi-city epidemiological study (Katsouyanni et al., 2009) reported that relative risk estimates for both particulate matter and ozone (O3) showed substantial heterogeneities among cities in Canada, Europe, and the United States. One of the proposed factors to explain the observed effect heterogeneity of air pollution was the city climate. However, no study has tested this hypothesis by utilizing a reliable tool to characterize the city climate.

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