Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) is a assortment of miniature sensing devices, distributed over a large area for observing changes in the environment. The devices communicate with each other in an on demand through protocols that are specifically designed for autonomous communication. Sensors are built using micro electro mechanical systems which has led to develop limited resources nodes. WSN finds its application in varied fields like surveillance, habitat and industrial monitoring, health sciences, etc. Sensing devices form the basic operational unit of the network that is self battery powered with limited life time. Sensor devices utilize energy for transmission, reception, routing and sensing information that is shared with neighbors or a common base station. Frequent energy utilization leads to network communication degradation due to drop outs, dead nodes or link failures and limited energy efficient routes and network lifetime retarding [1, 2]. The fundamental approach is carried out using effective routing methods that relies on energy constraint of the devices. Energy constrained routing is considered to handle energy utilization of the devices through optimal decision making process [3]. Many algorithms have been proposed to regularize energy utilization that ultimately aims at prolonging network lifetime. A general classification of energy consumption model in WSNs with node concentrated energy conservation techniques have been proposed earlier. Besides, energy optimization in WSN is an diverse approach depending upon the floor plan implemented and the purpose of the technique. In this paper we survey three major energy optimization techniques viz, Link Failure and Recovery techniques, Load Balancing with energy constraint and Distance based energy optimization. Section III discusses our proposed approaches for all the fore said optimization techniques. Section IV provides a comparative analysis of our approaches with respect to the network performance metrics. The future research course is given in Section V.