مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد شهرهای هوشمند – فراهم کردن خدمات و برنامه ها – اسپرینگر 2016

The proliferation of “Smart Cities” initiatives around the world is a part of the strategic response by governments to the challenges and opportunities of increasing urbanization and the rise of cities as the nexus of societal development. This JISA Thematic Series presents significant research contributions related to the design and development of Infrastructure, Services and Applications for the Smart City and Urban context.

1.1 What is a Smart City?

A Smart City can be viewed as an urban innovation and transformation that aims to harness physical infrastructures, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), knowledge resources, and social infrastructures for economic regeneration, social cohesion, better city administration, and infrastructure management [1]. We argue that a distinguishing feature of the Smart City concept is the centrality of people or the welfare of city residents. Specifically, smart cities are concerned with the transformation of life and work of city inhabitants [2]. Nam et al. conceptualize a “Smart City” as an interplay between technological innovation, organizational innovation, and policy innovation [3], making a Smart City an inherently “Complex Socio-Technical System of Systems”.

1.2 Enabling smart city services and applications

Emerging ICT paradigms such as data-intensive computing (Big Data), Open Data [4], Large-scale Distributed Systems [5], Internet of Things, Physical-Cyber-Social Computing [6], Service-Oriented [7] and Cloud Computing [8], are essential to the realization of the vision of Smart Cities. In fact, real-world Smart Cities are being enabled by a combination of these paradigms using a mixture of architectures (centralized, decentralized, and a combination of both) and infrastructures such as Middleware and IoT platforms to support the development of applications and information systems for Smart Cities [9–12].