مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد تکنیک تحلیل سیستم تولید در سیستم تولید ژنتیکی (الزویر)

Synthetic biology, and more specifically de novo gene synthesis, has progressed significantly during the past two decades with advances in both the application of the science and advancements of technology allowing unprecedented breakthroughs in the creation of DNA constructs. In infectious disease research, the synthesis of viral genomes led to new vaccine engineering strategies [1-3] and vaccine production workflows [4]. Within industrial biotechnology, computational approaches can be used to design genes, which code for enzymes with new or improved catalytic activities [5, 6]. Genes can be designed to maximize the production rate of a desired protein [5-8]. Additionally, it is now possible to create much larger synthetic constructs including a bacterial genome [9] and yeast chromosome [10]. With these recent breakthroughs, de novo gene synthesis is changing the face of biology. The manufacture of products created through molecular biology processing is increasingly becoming commonplace within the industrial biotechnology sector. Molecular and synthetic biology continues to develop new tools to manipulate and control biological systems with immense precision and understanding. For example, gene synthesis techniques can create segments of DNA that do not occur naturally with precision down to the individual base pair ordering of a sequence. Molecular and synthetic biology have spawned a new manufacturing production environment referred to here as genetic manufacturing systems (GMS). A GMS is defined as any production or manufacturing environment in which the final product is a genetic construct. This could range from a system that creates a genetic sequence of only a few base pairs or creates an entire genome comprised of billions of base pairs. While these two product outcomes may seem drastically different,