مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد تلفیق شاخص پایداری و تولید ناب برای ارزیابی فرایندهای تولید (الزویر)

The characteristics of operation management models have evolved over a period to adapt to the new challenges of society. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the expansion of industries resulted in management models based on standard operations and the analysis of time and methods (Cheng et al., 2011). In the post-World War II period, the growth of consumer demand resulted in the improvement of quality and best practices in operation management (Voss et al., 2002). At the end of the twentieth century, the growth of competition and diversity of consumer demand due to globalization resulted in manufacturing processes managed according to quality, cost, delivery, flexibility, speed and reliability indicators (Chowdary and George, 2012; Kim et al., 2015). According to Moyano-Fuentes and Sacristan-Díaz (2012), Lean Manufacturing (LM) has been widely applied in the management of manufacturing processes. To Ohno (1988), LM aimed for the elimination of activities and procedures that do not add value to the final product. Therefore, Chowdary and George (2012) enhanced the operational improvement in a company due to the implementation of LM practices. Reductions of waiting time, cycle time and inventory were among the improvements to manufacturing processes. Chen et al. (2010) presented a case study of the LM implementation in a factory in the USA. The use of the VSM tool resulted in reduced inventory and rework levels. In addition to the benefits of the production flow, Dues et al. (2013) commented that the use of LM tools also maximizes the gains in environmental and social areas of the manufacturing process. Because of this, many authors seek the integration of sustainability indicators into VSM. Paju et al. (2010) integrated Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Discrete Event Simulation (DES) into VSM. Faulkner and Badurdeen (2014) utilized a group of sustainability indicators integrated into VSM to assess the sustainability level in companies with different characteristics in relation to the production volumes and product varieties. The model used consumption indicators (water, energy and raw materials), noise level and ergonomic analysis of the workplace as sustainability indicators. Kuhlang et al.