مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد مزیت رقابتی پایدار با تولید ناب: SME های هند (الزویر)

1. Introduction

In India the Small Scale Industries (SSE) are producing more than 8000 components and consist of Traditional Cottage & house hold Industries and modern small scale Industries. Out of these units more than 80% are family owned, around 17% are partnership and only 2% are Limited companies. The modern Micro Small Medium enterprises (MSMEs) are incorporating new technology and advanced manufacturing systems in their plants, using information technology to get connected with the world, focused on quality products with variety and changing from the traditional working to a world class manufacturing organizations [3]. The technology gap is alarming and the expenditure on R&D in an Indian Industry is less than 0.6% on average of its turnover as against the world average of 2.5%.the most problem faced by the MSMEs has been in accessing technology and maintaining competitiveness[7,9,10,11]. In this growing competition these MSME‟s focusing on more output without implementing proper tools which is resulting in one of the seven wastages. These wastes can be reduced by implementing lean techniques. Lean Manufacturing is an operational strategy oriented toward achieving the shortest possible cycle time by eliminating waste [14]. It is derived from the Toyota Production System and its key thrust is to increase the value-added work by eliminating waste and reducing incidental work [8]. The technique often decreases the time between a customer order and shipment, and it is designed to radically improve profitability, customer satisfaction, throughput time, and employee morale [1].The main tool in analyzing wastes and time consumption throughout the manufacturing cycle in lean manufacturing is Value stream mapping. A value stream map is typically created as a one-page flow chart depicting the current production path or design path of a product from the customer’s request to delivery [6]. An important goal of value stream mapping is to identify processes that do not provide value so they can be improved. In lean production, value can be thought of as anything the customer is willing to pay for Processes that do not provide value are called waste [2]. Value stream maps document the current state of the value stream as well as the future state of the value stream and define any gaps between the two.