مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد بقایای آفت کش آلی کلر در نمونه خام مواد غذایی بازارهای باز ( الزویر )

The pollution of the environment and food by organochlorine pesticides is still a major issue of considerable concern in many parts of the world despite the worldwide ban of their use. This has led to many researchers investigation their occurrence, distribution and concentrations in meat, fish, fruit, vegetables and water (Lehotay et al., 2005).

Organochlorine pesticides have constantly proved their importance in agriculture. However, a number of studies have demonstrated that they have negative effects on human’s health (Adeyemi et al., 2008; Nakata et al., 2002; Sverdrup et al., 2002). The organochlorine pesticides are more accumulated in the fat. They tend to stay until the fat is broken down for energy. The chlorinated organic pesticides can pass through the mother placenta to the unborn child (Nakata et al., 2002). They lead to many harmful effects such as abnormal development of the immune system, birth defects and fetal death (Ayejuyo et al., 2008). This is why organochlorine pesticides are considered as one of the main environmental and human health problems in the world (Darko and Acquaah, 2007; Doong et al., 2002).

Moreover, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane (DDT) is an organochlorine pesticide very persistent in the environment. Its half-life is estimated for 15 years. Their metabolite products in the soil are dichloro-diphenyl-dichloro-ethane (DDD) and dichlorodiphenyl-dichloro-ethylene (DDE). They are also extremely persistent and have comparable physical and chemical properties with DDT (Guan et al., 2009). WHO and FAO have reported high levels of DDT compounds in vegetables, fish and meat eaten by many people in Africa (FAO/WHO, 2010). DDT can cause immunosuppression, reproductive effects, shortened duration of lactation, neurological and behavioral effects. DDE can modulate immune responses in exposed children (Martinez et al., 1997; Lehotay et al., 2005).