مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد دمپر فلزی برای محافظت از زلزله سازه ها – الزویر 2018

Generally speaking, structural control can be categorized as active, semi-active and passive control [1]. In active and semi-active control systems, the structural response varies based on the characteristics of the forces applied to the structure by an earthquake or wind. In other words, the structural response to the applied forces is adjusted by a control system to sustain the input loads. These control systems may consist of a power supply, sensors and hydraulic jacks [2]. On the other hand, the passive structural control is independent of the forces applied by an earthquake or wind and only depends on the type of equipment and material that were used in the damper. The main goal of the passive control systems is to reduce the contribution of the principal structural elements in dissipating the input energy by plastic deformation. Base isolators, metallic yielding dampers, friction dampers, viscous and viscoelastic dampers, tuned mass and liquid dampers are all classified as passive control systems [3,4]. In spite of their simplicity, metallic yielding dampers, as structural control systems, offer special features such as economic efficiency, while requiring neither advanced technology nor experts for fabrication and installation of the system. Another advantage of such dampers is the simplicity of their simulation through mathematical and finite element models, which is helpful in designing and predicting their behaviour. The energy dissipation in this type of damper is carried out by plastic deformation in different mechanisms such as bending, shear, torsion or a combination of them in the energy absorbers. Metallic dampers were first manufactured in Japan and New Zealand about 50 years ago. In Japan, Muto and Guerrero have implemented slitted wall and damping strips for partition walls respectively, in a number of buildings for earthquake energy dissipation [5,6]. In New Zealand, Kelly and Skinner have carried out experimental investigations on energy absorbers such as torsional beams, u-strips and flexural beams [7,8]. ADAS (Added Damping and Stiffness) and SSD (Steel Slitted Damper) are among the most familiar metallic yielding dampers that have been put into use in buildings in the US, Japan, Italy and Mexico [3,9]. ADAS consists of a series of X- or triangular-shaped steel sheets that dissipate the energy applied to the structure by bending [10].