مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد مدیریت ریسک زنجیره تامین تجارت کشاورزی – الزویر 2018

In the past two decades, supply chain risk management (SCRM) has emerged as an important research topic [1]. Several reasons are behind this development: 1) globalization has made supply chains longer and more complex; consequently, supply chains are now exposed to more risks and have become more vulnerable; 2) the lean management philosophy has become widely implemented in many industries; this philosophy advocates waste elimination/minimization and embraces just-in-time production/logistic; although it improves supply chain efficiency, the removal/reduction of redundancies has resulted in greater supply chain vulnerability under adverse events; and 3) the world has paid increasing attention to the many supply chain disruptions that have been caused by catastrophic events (e.g., [2, 3, 4, 5]). Agribusiness plays an indispensable role in the world’s economy as a key source of food supplies. Agribusiness products have three specific characteristics that make risk management for agribusiness supply chains (ASCs) more complicated when compared to risk management for typical manufacturing supply chains. These characteristics are seasonality, supply spikes (sometimes referred to as “bulkiness”), and perishability. Dealing with seasonality requires planning as growth is seasonal whereas consumption is throughout the year. Further, most agricultural products have long supply lead times that cannot be easily altered against nature. Harvesting and post-harvest activities, including packing, processing, storage, and transportation, can be very demanding because of supply spikes. Furthermore, there is often significant time pressure on post-harvest activities as most agricultural products are perishable. Also, because of the perishability, there is a need for specific handling, storage, and inventory management. If not properly managed, a delay in transportation may cause substantial loss of product value.