مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد سرمایه اجتماعی و نگرش کارآفرینانه – الزویر 2020

The entrepreneurial intention plays a vital role in generating new business. Although many studies have shown that attitude is influential in shaping intentions, few discuss this relationship by engaging interactively with social and psychological capital. This study aimed to develop a structural model to form the entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic students which involves the interplay of entrepreneurial attitude orientation, social capital, and psychological capital. Data were collected randomly through an online questionnaire completed by 215 polytechnic students in Indonesia. Structural equation modelling analysis was used to examine the structure model of developing entrepreneurial intentions and bootstrap confidence intervals were estimated to test the mediating role. The results reveal that entrepreneurial attitude orientation, social capital, and psychological capital collaboratively and interactively influence the entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic students. Psychological capital was shown to have a positive partial mediation effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude orientation and entrepreneurial intention. Finally, psychological capital was also found to fully mediate the impact of a social capital on entrepreneurial intention. The findings of this study are discussed and some proposals with implications for vocational education practitioners are provided.

Introduction

Entrepreneurship is one of the main driving aspects of socioeconomic development (Coulibaly, Erbao, & Mekongcho, 2018). Entrepreneurs play an essential role in economic development because of their tremendous contributions to economic growth. Thus, it is not surprising that the field of education, especially vocational education, is invested in preparing mature and competitive entrepreneurial human resources. The Indonesian government gives special attention to the implementation of entrepreneurship education in vocational education (Wiratno, 2012); the goal is to prepare graduates to start new, creative businesses. Scholars have showed that intention plays a significant role in the decision to start a new entrepreneurial activity (Barba-Sánchez & Atienza-Sahuquillo, 2018), and have highlighted the importance of attitude, social and psychological aspects in developing entrepreneurial intentions (Ajzen, 2011; Ghani, Hooshangi, & Hassan, 2013; Linán ˜ & Santos, 2007). However, to this point, we have a limited understanding of the antecedent factors necessary for developing successful entrepreneurial intentions among vocational students. In particular, little is known about how the hierarchical structure of antecedent factors—including attitudes, social factors, and psychology—combine to foster entrepreneurial intention in Polytechnic students.