The Australian National Low Emissions Coal Research & Development (ANLEC R&D) conducts research that underpins the development of low emissions coal technologies (LECT) in Australia. In particular, ANLEC R&D aims to provide independent and objective analysis, data and expertise to effectively facilitate the design, permitting and operation of LECT plants using Australian coal under Australian conditions. The project is co-funded by both the Australian Government and the Australian coal industry, which are each contributing $75 million towards the project over a ten year period. The primary objective of ANLECR&D is to deliver the applied R&D that can reduce the risk of Low Emission Coal Technology (LECT) deployment in the 2010 to 2020 timeframe, thereby underpinning and accelerating the early commercial deployment of LECTs. This focus is driven by the recognition that these early projects must succeed for LECT to be accepted as a viable option in the portfolio of approaches required to achieve substantial global reductions in CO2 emissions while meeting growing energy demand.

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Context The world’s leading science academies have affirmed “that climate change is happening and that anthropogenic warming is influencing many physical and biological systems.” Among other actions, the recent Paris Agreement also urges all nations to take “appropriate economic and policy measures to accelerate transition to a low carbon society.” They further identify that stabilizing the climate will require “emissions limited to the net absorption capacity of the earth”. This move to “zero net emissions” will require radical transformation of the global energy systems, ultimately replacing the conventional fossil based infrastructure. The scale of this effort is unprecedented, effectively requiring a new industrial revolution and will almost certainly require access to all available “near zero emission” electricity options, including LECTs.