مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد اثر کاهش انتشار و بهره وری بازار کربن در جهت سیاست تجارت انتشار کربن – الزویر 2020

1- Introduction

2- Methods and data

3- Analysis of empirical results

4- Conclusions and policy implications

References

Abstract

China has implemented its carbon emission trading system (ETS) in seven pilots since 2013. Many methods have been used to evaluate the effect and efficiency of the ETS in reducing carbon emissions. Evaluating the carbon ETS to determine whether it has co-benefited the economy and environment in the seven pilots is crucial for the development of China. Moreover, different methods of measurement reveal different results on how efficient the seven carbon emission trading markets (ETMs) are. We use the difference-in-differences (DID) method to evaluate the impact of carbon emissions and economic growth following ETS implementation. Based on the data of industrial carbon emissions in 30 provinces of China from 2008 to 2016, the impact of ETS on the carbon emission reduction and economic growth of enterprises is empirically tested. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) evaluates the operating efficiency of the carbon ETMs. Based on the seven carbon emission trading pilots conducted in China in 2014–2016, the carbon ETMs differentiation system in the pilot area is taken as the input index and the ETS implementation effect is used as the output index to construct the full DEA evaluation model for gauging the operation efficiency of the carbon ETMs. The results show that the implementation of the carbon trading policy increases the economic dividend (13.6%) generated by the gross industrial output value, but significantly reduces the emission (24.2%) of industrial CO2 in all seven carbon emission trading pilots. The average DEA efficiency of the seven carbon ETMs operations in China have increased annually.

Introduction

To realize the international carbon emission reduction target, the National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the Notice on Carbon Emission Rights Pilot Work in October 2011. Seven provinces and cities, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangdong, Shenzhen, Hubei, and Chongqing, were selected to conduct the pilot work of the carbon ETS. Each pilot had covered more than 20 industries and nearly 3000 key emission enterprises by the end of September 2017. The market operation has been generally stable, with an accumulated turnover of 200 Mt of CO2. The industrial sector is the main carbon emitter. Therefore, the industrial CO2 emissions and gross industrial output value are the key data to evaluate the effect of the carbon ETS. In addition, exploring the operating efficiency of the seven carbon ETMs is a powerful illustration of the ETS. The effect of carbon ETS implementation and its operating efficiency at home and abroad in recent years are reported in this study. A large corpus of literature has explored the impact of the carbon ETS on economic growth and environment. P. et al. [1] used the energy-saving and emission-reduction investment data of 29 provinces and cities in China from 1996 to 2005, based on the allocation of five regional emission reduction targets, such as carbon emissions, energy consumption, population, GDP, and per capita GDP. The study found that emission reduction targets based on carbon emissions and populations are more equitable in terms of abatement cost savings across regions. Hübler et al. [2] used the computable general equilibrium model to evaluate the carbon trading policy in China. Model simulations reveal that climate policy can result in a GDP loss of around 1% in 2020 and a welfare loss of around 2% by 2030. Wang et al.