The growth of vehicles and mobile services has brought new challenges to Internet of vehicles (IoV). In order to accurately locate vehicles and quickly process data for alleviating the pressure of communication, clustering method based on data analysis are studied in this paper for vehicles in the Internet of vehicles, so as to make sure that mobile stations and terminals on the road are able to access maximum transmission opportunity and suffer minimal communication interference from adjacent vehicles. A satellite-terrestrial integrated communication framework for the IoV is designed to support analysis of data from vehicles, mobile tracking of vehicles, and unsupervised adaptive communication scheduling; then, a multi-level cluster-based satellite-terrestrial integrated communication model (MCSIC) is designed to realize the effective real-time data communication based on data analysis. Finally, the performance of MCSIC is analyzed through several simulations.

Introduction

The dramatically growing number of vehicles causes more serious traffic congestion and traffic accidents, which leads to the rising number of traffic casualties. According to [1], there are 4.2 billion hours wasted in traffic congestion and more than 30,000 fatalities caused by traffic accident only in the United States each year. In order to alleviate these realistic traffic problems, vehicle auxiliary devices combined with roadside infrastructure constitute the Internet of vehicles (IoV) to improve the safety, security, and efficiency of roadway transportation, and provide various services to different types of vehicles, including private cars, taxies, buses and so on. Wireless communication technology enables vehicles to communicate with the surrounding neighboring vehicles, roadside infrastructure, and traffic control centers, and it is the basis for IoV to collect information [2]. Despite the extraordinary potential of IoV, it still faces the problem of increasing data transmission computing resources and increasing data analysis time consumption [3]. How to effectively achieve high quality mobile services in the IoV faces many challenges. In particular, the ever-increasing number of vehicles and the complexity of their motions have led to a decline in the quality of service for the IoV. Moreover, the communication is the essential part of the network [4]. Therefore, it is important to improve the communication capacity and real-time transmission performance of the IoV. Location service as one of the primary services in smart automated systems of Internet of Things (IoT) is also an important part of ∗ Corresponding author.