مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد وب سایت شبکه اجتماعی سازمان غیر دولتی ( الزویر )

مقاله سال 2016

1.1. Background of the study Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) are non-state, non-profit oriented groups who pursue issues of public interest (Fisher, 2006). The World Bank (2001) describes NGOs as private organisations that are involved in relief services, promotion of the interest of the poor, protecting the environment as well as the provision of basic social services and community development.

NGOs in Ghana often work in areas such as health, the environment, gender, advocacy, technology development and dissemination, small enterprise development and credit mobilization. Issa (2005) described NGOs in Ghana as the “third sector” since they are indispensable to the economic development in Ghana. The history of the involvement of NGOs in the development of Ghana dates back to the 1930s. As of 1930, three NGOs had officially registered in Ghana. The number increased to 80 in 1980. By December 1996, there were 320 foreign and local NGOs operating in Ghana (Bob-Miller, 2005). Five thousand (5000) local and foreign NGOs had registered with the Ministry of Manpower and Social Welfare of Ghana, as of January 2008 (Ghana News Agency, 2008, January 23) prior to the collection of data for this study.

NGOs in Ghana face a number of challenges in contributing to the development of the nation. The effective execution of activities of NGOs for that matter: depend on active communication and networking with donors, stakeholders, businesses, and governments (Holmén & Jirström, 2000). That notwithstanding, there is also a greater call for NGOs to account socially and financially to their major stakeholders (Ayee, 2002), and for NGOs to improve on the poor networking among the organisations (Galaa, 2005).