مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد پودر زباله شیشه ای در عملیات پایدارسازی بتن – الزویر ۲۰۱۷

As of 2005, the total global waste glass production estimate was 130 Mt, in which the European Union, China and USA produced approximately 33 Mt, 32 Mt and 20 Mt, respectively (IEA, 2007; Rashed, 2014). Being non-biodegradable in nature, glass disposal as landfill has environmental impacts and also could be expensive. Sustainable construction practice means creation and responsible management of a healthy built environment considering resource efficiency and ecology (Plessis, 2007). Being versatile and economical, concrete became prime construction material over the world, however, it has impacts on the environment (Naik, 2008). Manufacturing of cement (key ingredient used for the production of concrete) is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions (Imbabi et al., 2012). The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to offset a portion of the cement in concrete is a promising method for reducing the environmental impact from the industry. Several industrial byproducts have been used successfully as SCMs, including silica fume (SF), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and fly ash (Islam et al., 2011; Imbabi et al., 2012). These materials are used to create blended cements which can improve concrete durability, early and long term strength, workability and economy (Detwiler et al., 1996). Another material which has potential as a SCM, however, has not yet achieved the same commercial success is waste glass (Rashed, 2014). Researches indicated that glass has a chemical composition and phase comparable to traditional SCMs (Ryou et al., 2006; Binici et al., 2007; Nassar and Soroushian, 2012). It is abundant, can be of low economic value and is often land filled (Byars et al., 2003). Milling of glass to micro-meter scale particle size, for enhancing the reactions between glass and cement hydrates, can bring major energy, environmental and economic benefits when cement is partially replaced with milled waste glass for production of concrete (Rashed, 2014). Studies also focused on used of waste glass as aggregate in concrete production (Rashed, 2014; Taha and Nounu, 2009). Study on durability of concrete with waste glass pointed better performance against chloride permeability in long term but there is concern about alkali-silica reaction. Deleterious chemical constituents include sulfides, sulfates, and alkalis (which add more alkali to concrete) creates higher risk of ASR over the life of the concrete. A good pozzolan functions both to mitigate ASR and to consume the lime to greatly reduce efflorescence (Matos and Sousa-Coutinho, 2012; Rashed, 2014). Utilization of waste glass in ceramic and brick manufacturing process is discussed in a recent study (Andreola et al., 2016).