مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد ویژگی های مدیر اجرایی، ساختار هیئت مدیره و عملکرد شرکت – الزویر 2018

The board of directors, as an important mechanism of governance, has been the subject of an attention of several researchers of different disciplines (law, economics, finance…). As well, the operation of this body of control is at the centre of interests of many debates and proposals for reform of its composition and its characteristics including the size, the presence of the independent members, the participation of women, the duality of functions … And therefore it has an abundant literature who is interested in studying the impact of the Board of Directors on the performance. The board of directors is one form of internal control mechanisms in corporate since the board members appoint, supervise and remunerate top managers in organizations in addition to strategy formulation (Campbell and Minguez, 2010). The subject of women on boards of directors is a growing area of research. Indeed, the presence of women on board was identified by Brennan and McCafferty (1997), more recent study continue in the same path (Luckerath-Rovers and Wood 2011; Shehata 2013) identified the reasons that presence of women on board directors leads to increasing firms’ values. Firstly, with independent women in the board, and as they are not part of the “old boys” network, thus can increase the firm’s value. Secondly, women member at the board of directors might provide more insights about the firms’ opportunities in meeting their customers’ needs, since they can better understand customers’ some needs and behaviours. In a similarly study, Bernardi et al. (2002) support the idea that board of director with presence of women will enhance board’s monitoring (Carter et al., 2003), thus improvement of corporate governance which can lead to ameliorate firms’ competitive advantage. The authors summarized the advantages of presence of women on board of directors as follows: that can improve the diversity of opinions in the boardroom, provide the female role models and mentors bringing strategic input to the board of directors, influence the making decision and leadership styles of the corporate, female’s capabilities and availability for director positions and ensuring “better” boardroom behaviour. Nielsen and Huse (2010) was identified another aspect, that the presence of women on board contribute to reducing the level of interest conflict and ensure high a quality of development activities board of directors. In a recent study, and to conclude the advantages of gender diversity, Francoeur et al. (2008) was provides that the smoother communication and coordination associated with less diverse sets it comes to improve the advantages related to the knowledge, quality of decision making, perspective, creativity, and judgment brought forward by heterogeneous groups.