مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد ارزیابی پروژه با روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی – الزویر 2018

An entrepreneur is a person who at some point in time is selfemployed, and who creates a completely new business [1]. In capitalist economies, entrepreneurs have played, and continue to play, a catalytic role in bringing technological innovations to market [2,3]. New jobs and new markets are created with values provided to the whole economy [4]. Therefore, entrepreneurship has been an important phenome of modern economies [5e7] and many economists claim that entrepreneurship is an important determinant of economic growth and development [8]. Nowadays, entrepreneurship has shifted to a new concept of “technoentrepreneurship”. Startups are predominantly stated as technoentrepreneurship in official records [9]. Techno-entrepreneurship is broadly defined as the entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial activities of both existing and nascent companies operating in technology-intensive environments [10]. In this regard, several countries like Turkey ([5] [11] [12]) have initialized some policies to support techno-entrepreneurship mostly based on the level of novelty. Entrepreneurship incentives and support mechanisms lay at the center of these policies [13]. These incentives can be either direct (full or partial payment) or indirect (such as tax reduction). Direct incentive decisions are mostly taken upon the application of entrepreneurs with a business plan. The promising projects are shortlisted based on some criteria such as market targeting, budget, experience, staff, and etc. Due to the financial constraints, certain projects can be either completely or partially rejected [14]. While those projects are governmentally supported, it is critical to find the projects that will create real values for the societies. While techno-entrepreneurship projects start with an initial plan or prototype for seeking further project’s improvement [15], support decisions are made upon some factors given in those initial plans. The decision of support has not been an easy task while a method supporting the selection of projects should not only provide a fair evaluation by decreasing the subjectivity of decision making but also should shorten the time required for evaluation [16]. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been one of the most popular and powerful methods for group decision making used in project selection for evaluating complex multiple criteria alternatives involving subjective judgment [17]. Many studies used the AHP to select R&D projects in the private sector; however, the selection process of government-sponsored R&D projects is discussed less [17]. This paper presents an AHP model for governmentsponsored techno-entrepreneurship project selection. To the best of our knowledge, use of AHP for techno-entrepreneurship project selection has not been performed before.