مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد بی کفایتی اخلاقی تحت محدودیت زمان – الزویر 2019

This research seeks to understand how time constraint can escalate mental efforts and change the outcome of moral judgment when we face moral dilemma. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), hemodynamic responses in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were recorded while subjects were deliberating over choices under the situations of business moral dilemma. Bilateral increase of oxyhemoglobin values on DLPFC was observed from subjects who made moral choices under time constraint. The results of suggest that severe time constraint can overburden the activities of moral brain and elevate decision stress, possibly leading to moral incompetency.

Introduction

“Quicker and faster,” today’s business culture values work speed. Stock brokers have to make buy or sell decisions in seconds. Deadlines are given in hours and days instead of months and years in many workplaces. The pace of life is accelerating. At the same time, evidence of systematic breaches in ethics and moral incompetence in enterprises is escalating. Human decision-making, as evidenced by previous studies, is less than perfect (Simon, 1982; Woodside, 2012), particularly under time constraint. Among many decisions that we face, moral dilemmas can be the toughest of the decisions we make. A moral dilemma is a situation in which we feel a moral obligation to do one thing (a moral choice: MC hereafter) (Lurie & Albin, 2007) but see that doing another thing can be personally more profitable (a profit choice: PC hereafter). MC and PC are often mutually exclusive options. In this paper, we investigate the effect of time constraint on the brain’s response during moral dilemma. Applying the neuroscience method called functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will allow us to uncover the underlying process mechanisms of the human brain.