مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد اثر نوع کارایی بار بر روی درآمد محموله هواپیمایی

In the past decade, as global trading has matured, international air cargo transport has experienced tremendous growth under the closely linked global supply chain. Over the next two decades air cargo is expected to increase at a rate of 4.5%e5.0% per year (Airbus, 2014; Boeing, 2014). Air cargo industry will continue to flourish in the wake of air transport liberalization (Wang and Heinonen, 2015), prospective long-haul low-cost carriers (Poret et al., 2015), and the implementation of the open skies agreement (Alves and Forte, 2015).

Airline companies are the main operators of air cargo transport responsible for airport-to-airport services. The participants of air cargo include shippers, air freight forwarders, customs brokers, cargo terminals, ground handling services. After customs clearance procedures, the cargo is packed and placed in a container and loaded onto the aircraft. Most airlines provide both passenger and cargo transport and outsource part of their cargo operations to airfreight forwarders. Consequently, international air cargo, an operation-intensive industry, involves complex decision-making procedures and numerous players. How airline companies can effectively combine types of air cargo to increase loading rates and revenues has become an important issue for operations management.

Unlike the fixed and known capacity of passenger seats, cargo space has greater uncertainty in terms of allocation and demand (Kasilingam, 1996; Morrell, 2011). Charges for airfreight are also complex and based on the gross weight or volume of the cargo, with the greater of the two as the chargeable unit. According to the IATA’s list of airfreight rates, the greater the chargeable weight per shipment, the lower the unit price. Airfreight carriers consider both weight and volume when calculating their air cargo charges; thus, it is important to consider the relationship between the two when selling cargo space.