مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد مدل سازی ساختارهای CFRP تحت خرد شدگی – الزویر 2018

Over the past decades, composite materials have been gradually used in industry sectors ranging from aerospace to automobile [1-5]. Compared with the traditional metallic materials, composites exhibited higher specific strength and specific energy absorption capacity to the weight, which provides great opportunity to save vehicular weight and enhance structural performance [6-8]. Recently, carbon fibers reinforced plastics (CFRP), as one class of typical composite materials, have been introduced in vehicular engineering for improving fuel economy and structural safety [9-14]. There have been substantial studies on crashworthiness of various CFRP structures in literature. For example, Mahdi et al. [15] conducted experimental studies on the effect of fiber orientation on the energy absorption characteristics of composite tubes subjected to axial loading. They showed the certain advantages of laying fiber orientations of 15°/−75° and 75°/−15° for enhancing the load carrying capacity and energy absorption. Israr et al. [16] carried out the quasi-static tests on different configurations of unidirectional fiber and woven fiber composites to investigate the crushing behaviors of one ply under crushing load. Mamalis et al. [6] explored the crushing characteristics of thin-walled square CFRP tubes under static and dynamic axial compressive loads, experimentally; and they found that crushing behaviors of square CFRP tubes are fairly brittle due to the characteristics of the constituent materials. From the previous studies reported in literature, it can be concluded that the crushing behaviors of CFRP structures are generally determined by development of fracture, inter-ply delamination and extensive micro-cracking, which depend on structural and material features, such as fiber orientation, number of stacking layers, properties of each single layer, etc. These factors make the design of CFRP energy-absorbing structures much more sophisticated and challenging than traditional metallic structures. Typically, the development of crashworthy structures largely relies upon laborious and costly experimental tests. With the fast advances in computational techniques, the ability of numerical simulations for accurately predicting the crushing behaviors has improved remarkably, thereby reducing the development cycle and cost of composite components [17-20]. As the most representative methods, the finite element (FE) simulations have played a very important role in the early phase of the crashworthiness design.