مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد مفهوم دسته بندی های ژئوتکنیکی در مهندسی سنگ – الزویر ۲۰۱۸

The aim of the paper is to show how Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design Part 1: General Rules (EC7) could be developed in order to be in accordance with practise in rock engineering and construction. A main feature is the geological uncertianties, which imply that a risk based approch should be used. The use of Geotechnical Category (GC) has therefore to be improved by (1) combining the consequences of a failure to the geological uncertainties before excavation, and (2) combining the consequences to the ground quality found after excavation. Three GC classes are needed to properly use the GC in rock construction. The paper further describes how GC influences the design, which design method to be applied. It also outlines the types of control, inspection and supervision to be applied in the various GC classes during various stages of a project. An example is presented showing how GC can be determined at various stages of a rock construction.

Introduction

In 1975, the Commission of the European Community promoted an action program in the field of civil works construction to harmonize the rules for design and construction. The European Committee for Standardization approved in 2002 the standard EN1990:2002 “Basis of Structural design” with the objective to establish the principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability and durability of structures. The standard for geotechnical design EN 1997-1:2004, which is a part of EN1990, was given the name Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design Part 1: General Rules (EC7). Approved in 2004, it has been given the status of national standard in all European countries from 2010. There is, however, a debate on whether the standard can be directly applied on rock engineering issues like foundations, slopes, cuttings and underground openings. This paper provides suggestions on how the Eurocode could be developed an interpreted in order to be in accordance with rock engineering practice. The objective is to show how investigation, design, control and monitoring can be related to geotechnical risks and their classification into geotechnical categories. The paper also shows the design tools suitable for various geotechnical categories.