مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد شیوع کمبود آهن و کم خونی در دانشجویان دانشگاه حدیده – هینداوی 2018

Anemia is a major public health problem in the worldwide with prevalence of 43% in developing countries and 9% in developed nations [1]. It is widespread in individuals at any stage of life, although pregnant-reproductive women and young children are most susceptible, which may increase the risk of impaired cognitive and physical development and increased mortality and morbidity rate [2]. Despite its multifactorial etiology, anemia might be nutritional (iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12), inherited (thalassemia and sickle cell), environmental pollutants (lead), infectious (malaria), socioeconomic (low maternal level of education and low household income), demographic factors (age and gender), autoimmune (hemolytic anemia), malabsorption (achlorhydria), and chronic (cancer); iron defciency anemia IDA is the most common cause of anemia [3]. According to WHO report in 2001, around two billion individuals in the worldwide have been estimated to sufer from anemia with 50% of all anemia was documented to IDA [4]. Until today, IDA is still the most prevalent and common type of micronutrient defciency in the developing countries [5], which results from long-term negative iron imbalance. Usually, defciency of iron develops gradually and does not have clinically apparent symptoms until anemia becomes severe [6]. Te etiology of IDA during puberty might be due to increased iron demand/loss or decreased iron intake, chronic blood loss, iron malabsorption (celiac disease), pregnancy, or parasitic infection (helminthiasis), which may lead to decreased intellectual and work performance and learning difculties [6, 7]. Poor activity, mental, and educational performances among children that have strong relations with IDA may also continue into adulthood and cause low work efciency which has efects on the economic productivity [3]. In the Middle East region, the reported prevalence of IDA in rural and urban people varies from 17 to 70% among preschool children; 12.6–50% among school children; 14–42% among adolescents; and 11% to more than 54% among pregnant women [3, 8, 9]. Yemen is one of the poorest countries in the Middle East. It has a very high population growth, severe urbanrural imbalances, food and water scarcity, female illiteracy, widespread poverty, and economic stagnation. According to UN agencies, about half of Yemen’s population of about 26.8 million lives below the poverty line [10]. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence of IDA in Yemen varies between 73.5% and 81% among children and pregnant women, respectively [3, 11]. Most of the previous studies on anemia in Yemen were conducted on school children and pregnant women and their predictive factors. Yet there is no information about the prevalence and risks factors of IDA among Yemeni adolescents in educated communities at the university stage. Consequently, the current study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of IDA among apparently healthy Yemeni medical students at Hodeidah University, Yemen.