مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد سیستم نظارت و مدیریت هوشمند سلامت – الزویر 2018

In recent years, researchers have placed a great deal of attention on the machine to machine (M2M) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and markets [1]. M2M and IoT refer not only to mobile phones and personal computers connected to the Internet but to increase the efficient utilization; it also refers to the wireless interconnection of all the billions of devices and ―things‖ through local area networks (LANs) or the Internet [2]. Consequently, with the billions of things appear billions of batteries that must be powered, maintained, purchased, and disposed-off. Energy harvesting presents a straightforward and clear-cut solution for powering the ―things‖ or IoT devices efficiently using unpolluted energy (clean) [3] [14]. The things or devices embedded with wireless terminals include sensors which are connected to a network and collect the data and information about the surrounding environment. There are several types of sensors which are used by wireless sensor terminals for humidity, temperature, illumination, pressure, motion, stress, position, distortion, flow rate, gas, and so forth. Some of these sensors include blood pressure measurement sensors [4] and the sustainable power sources in electronics used by consumers [5]. The key obligation for IoT is the capability to put the sensor in all types of spots to collect data. But there is a big issue that is the power supply or, the life of the battery or the time phase for battery substitution. There are worries not only for the cost of battery but also the massive scale of maintenance. One of the great solutions is provided using energy harvesting [3]. Energy harvesting technologies use power generating elements that are piezoelectric elements, solar cells, and thermoelectric elements to convert vibration (piezoelectric effect), light, and heat energy into electricity. Piezoelectricity is having a broad set of material choices and designs and provides the basis for several applications [6-8] of growing interest. Also, this technology is particularly extensively favored in wearable systems. A variety of alternative can be taken into consideration for the utilization of piezoelectricity in such situation. Therefore, this harvesting method can be applied to power the sensors used in IoT environment.