I- Introduction

II- Requirements for the IIoT

III- Implementation

IV- Related Work and Comparison With Existing Schemes

V- Validation

VI- CONCLUSIONS

References

Abstract

Nowadays, the concept of intelligent manufacturing is being introduced, based on the integration of new advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), distributed control, data analysis, and cyber-security in the manufacturing area, with the aim of improving manufacturing processes and the articles produced. In this sense, new intelligent devices (Smart Sensors) should be developed that integrate several detection methods (sensors), real-time data analysis and wired and/or wireless connectivity. The main contribution of this paper is the design, implementation and experimental verification of an architecture of a Smart Sensor that satisfies the operational requirements needed by the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Considering the software and hardware adaptability that a Smart Sensor should have, this work takes advantage of the characteristics of the current Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and SoC to implement a Smart Sensor for the IIoT. In this sense, the proposed Smart Sensor architecture incorporates real-time operation features, the ability to perform local data analysis, high availability communication interfaces such as High-availability Seamless Redundancy (HSR) and Parallel Redundancy Protocol (PRP), interoperability (industrial protocols) and cyber-security. The architecture was implemented with hardware available in the market, IP cores and Python libraries developed by third parties. Finally, to validate the applicability of the architecture in the industry, two test environments were implemented. In the first case, interoperability, high availability, synchronization, and local data processing are validated. The second case aims to determine the delay when adding encryption (cyber-security) in layer 2 communications.

NTRODUCTION

ADVANCES in digital electronics and communications networks have allowed sensors to cease to be a simple element that generates an electrical signal associated with a physical phenomenon. Today, sensors also digitize electrical signals, process data and transmit information using a communications protocol. Considering these new features a current sensor (Smart Sensor) is a sophisticated computational platform that can process locally the information collected by transducers and transmit it to other devices through a network infrastructure. Sensors and in particular the Smart Sensor are essential elements for the development of more complex systems, such as the Cyber-Physical System (CPS). There are many definitions of CPS, for example, Lee [1], describes CPS as systems that integrate computing and physical processes, Rajkumar [2] defines CPS as physical and engineering systems whose operations are supervised, coordinated, controlled and integrated into a computing and communication core. Jifeng [3] defines CPS as “۳C” systems that integrate Computing, Communication, and Control. Baheti [4] describes CPS as a new generation of systems that integrate computational and physical capabilities, which can interact with humans through new modalities.