مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد کنترل فشارخون بالا و عوامل خطرساز آن در ویتنام – هینداوی 2018

Introduction

Hypertension is one of the most important modifable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) worldwide. Te complications of hypertension account for 9.4 million deaths worldwide every year [1]. Hypertension is responsible for at least 45% of the deaths from CVD and 51% of the deaths from stroke [2]. CVD accounted for more than 17.3 million deaths in 2013 which represented 31% of all global deaths and made it the world’s leading cause of death and disability [1]. Especially in low- and middle-income countries, CVD accounts for around 70% of deaths [1]. In Vietnam, the prevalence of hypertension has rapidly increased over the last two decades from 16.9% over the period of 2001-2002 to 25.1% in 2008 [3]. In 2009, CVD was estimated to account for 33% of all deaths [4] and stroke was found to be the leading cause of death among them [5, 6]. At that time, the percentages of treatment and control of hypertension were rather low (29,6% and 10,7%, resp.) [3]. In other developing countries, the mean prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 32.2, 40.6, 29.2, and 9.8 percent among men and 30.5, 52.7, 40.5, and 16.2 percent among women, respectively. In developed countries, these percentages in men were 40.8, 49.2, 29.1, and 10.8 percent, and in women they were 33.0, 61.7, 40.6, and 17.3 percent, respectively [7]. A successful hypertension detection and treatment program in Canada resulted in a large increase of the diagnosis of hypertension from 57% in 1992 to 84% in 2013 and a reduction in the national rates of death and hospitalization due to CVD. Several cross-sectional studies had been implemented to better understand the approach of hypertension in this country, resulting in a better prevention and treatment [8]. Te impact of hypertension and CVD is infuenced by a wide variety of risk factors such as tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, overweight and obesity, elevated blood glucose, and abnormal blood lipids.