۲- Methods

۳- Result

۴- Discussion

۵- Conclusion

References

Background

Musculoskeletal disorders are major health problems that cause disability and result in a considerable impact on the quality of life leading to economic burden in terms of compensation costs, lost wages, and unproductivity. It is the major cause of pain that most people complain about and is a warning signal for the risk of tissue damage. Globally, it is the second cause of disability and the fourth greatest impact on health. Around the world, hundreds of millions of people are severely affected by musculoskeletal disorders that cause long-term pain and physical disability with serious effects on workers’ health and productivity [1, 2]. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined musculoskeletal disorders as “a disorder of muscles, tendons, joints, intervertebral discs, peripheral nerves, and vascular systems, not directly resulting from an acute or instantaneous event but installing gradually and chronically” [۳–۵]. Low back pain (LBP), also known as “lumbago”, represents one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders which are common problems among the working population, including teachers [1, 6, 7]. It has a substantial effect on school teachers’ quality of life, resulting in frequent sick leaves, functional impairment, absenteeism, and early retirement. The tasks of school teachers might be subjected to conditions that involve a constant use of a “Head Down” posture during frequent readings, marking assignments, and writing on boards.