مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد ارزیابی سیستم های انرژی تجدیدپذیر هیبریدی برای تأمین انرژی سیستم نمک زدایی خودمختار – الزویر ۲۰۱۹

۱- Introduction

۲- Demographic and water problems in Canary Islands

۳- Desalination with Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES)

۴- Input variables to the computer model

۵- Economic analysis

۶- Results and discussions

۷- Conclusion

References

Abstract

In the following work the hybrid systems with base in the renewable energy (RE) are modeled to compare many different design options based on their technical and economic merits. The power requirements will be guaranteed to reverse osmosis Autonomous Desalination Systems (ADS), with a capacity of up to 50 m3 of daily production. The HOMER Hybrid Optimization Model Tool has been used to create optimal designs for these renewable energy systems. The input assumptions in the model were: the electric demand of the desalination plant, the technical specifications of the equipments, as well as the potentials of solar radiation and the wind speeds. Although this study could be applied to different scenarios where an isolated system is found, in this work it has been applied to two islands. In particular these islands have got a relative high wind profile, along with a high a solar radiation profile. Several configurations have been considered by this simulation software and different optimal results attending to the use of renewable energy have been obtained for this particular case. In fact, real data from two particular islands (Lanzarote and Fuerteventura) have been used, although the results could be extent to other similar scenarios.

Introduction

Water is indispensable for human beings, animals and plants, is the fluid of life. Every day peoples perform a significant variety of activities which involve the use of water. It is needed in all aspects of life, in agriculture, for domestic use and in all industrial activities. In recent decades, increasingly regions around the world have experienced water shortages. Because of this, many countries have taken the seawater desalination as an alternative non-conventional source of the lack of drinking water, proving to be an economically and sustainable water resource since the end of the past century [1]. The greater percent of these desalinations systems are on arid climate regions, being able to be desert or semi-desert, with good radiation and wind potentials, such as, Persian Gulf region, the Red Sea, Algeria or the North Africa’s. On the Iberian Peninsula the higher production of freshwater via desalination are located on the Mediterranean coast and the Balearic Islands. The North Atlantic presents desalination systems in many islands such as Cabo Verde, Madeira and Canary Islands, being this archipelago where will be development the study of the Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems (HRES) to supplied energy to Autonomous Desalination Systems (ADS) for the possible application in others region with similar characteristics [1,2]. The sea water desalination technology is present in Spain since 1964. That year was built in Lanzarote Island the first plant of sea water desalination of Europe. This technology has proven to be one of the most suitable methods for solving water scarcity in regions such as Mediterranean and the Canary Islands, for a notably increased in the efficiency and competitiveness, and for the flexibility water production of its factories [3]. The Canary Islands can be considered pioneer in production of fresh water from seawater in the world, being a referent point at global level for its know-how in the different technologies. Currently, through the desalination is possible to produce around 121 hm3 of fresh water per year in the islands, it represent the 19% of the total water consume required for the archipelago [4,5]. In islands such as Lanzarote and Fuerteventura, desalinated water is practically the only source to supply fresh water to the population and tourism [5]. In the past, during periods of drought, the water in these islands was supplied by marine vessels [6,7].