۱- Introduction

۲- Related work

۳- Proposed IoT architecture

۴- IoT applications

۵- Simulation and result

۶- Conclusion

References

Abstract

Converging of MANET with WSN used in ubiquitous smart environments opens new prospect in monitoring the large scale urban area and makes a new communication platform for different applications in Internet of Things (IoT) domain. Sensors used for IoT applications, sense the environment and send the data to the gateway node, which in turn send the collected data to the MANET node, especially used for data harvesting. Here we considered two IoT applications which are monitored by wireless sensor nodes. The challenging part of this work is to make a platform by converging sensor network with the MANET network because nodes have different power levels, heterogeneous protocols and have chances of co-channel interferences. We proposed a total solution which includes network protocols, spectrum distribution, node deployment, MANET routing and mobility pattern and finally implementation of the IoT applications which are simulated using Omnet++ simulator and shown their performances and feasibility.

Introduction

A recent paradigm of communication which popularly known as Internet of Things (IoT), where all the objects of different kinds of our daily life spanning from smart phones, sensors or devices are associated with network enabled objects (like RFID) can communicate with each other and makes a part of Internet. The main aim of IoT is to make Internet more and more inspiring and pervasive. By connecting wide variety of heterogeneous devices and making easy access of the devices, several applications are being used in IoT, which deals with the large number of data generated by the attached devices and make some decisions which is very important for the industry or control the attached devices based on the generated data. There is a huge use of IoT in several domains like medical aids, home automation, industrial automation, mobile health care, electricity transmission and distribution etc. Now a day smart cities are one of the emerging domain of IoT, where researchers are proposing several communication models and standards and provide some applications which facilitate the residing citizens by enhancing their everyday standard of life. With the advancement of communication technology and microcontroller technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) plays an important role in IoT. Sensor nodes, which are very tiny low cost devices, can sense different parameters in the environment, it can store data in its memory temporarily and can communicate with other electronics devices by using communication technology like IEEE802.15.4 or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). On the other hand RFID tag is also a useful device in IoT, which is used to identify an object attached with a RFID tag. In our work, MANET plays a vital function, which is used as the backbone of the IoT network. Due to its inherent properties, the MANET nodes can build spontaneous connections with other nodes without the need of any infrastructure. MANET nodes can move around the IoT network and collect data from the sensors, RFID attached nodes, or any fixed Wireless nodes. Thereafter it can process the data and send it to the Internet gateway through some intermediate MANET nodes. The MANET nodes use the efficient path to reach one of the available Internet gateways. Like sensor nodes, MANET nodes can be used as key technologies in several applications in IoT.