۱- Introduction

۲- Review of Xiong et al.’s scheme

۳- Cryptanalysis of Xiong et al.’s scheme

۴- The improved scheme

۵- Formal verification

۶- Security analysis

۷- Security and efficiency comparisons

۸- Conclusion

References

Abstract

Due to the popularization and application of mobile phones and the Fifth Generation (5G) communication technology in the smart city, it’s easy for people to use the internet service at anytime and anywhere. While providing convenience, mobile networks face a series of challenges in security and privacy protection due to the ability of the terminal. Recently, Xiong et al. designed an anonymous authentication scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for roaming in smart city. However, we show that their scheme lacks of two-factor security, and suffers from impersonation attack. To fix these problems, an improved roaming authentication protocol with two-factor security is proposed, which is security by using applied pi calculus based formal validation tool ProVerif, and it has high computational efficiency by comparison with some related schemes.

Introduction

Smart city plays an important role in managing assets and resources efficiently, city operations and services and connect to citizens, etc. Since the birth of wireless communication technology, it has brought greatly convenience to people’s life. From First Generation (1G) to Forth Generation (4G) communication technology, mobile communication technology refreshes the limits of data transmission and storage capacity constantly. The Fifth Generation (5G) communication technology [1-4] is a current research hotspot that can satisfy more demands of devices in the next few years. According to [1], it is expect that 5G technology may meet some requirements such as high network capacity and data rates, lower computational and transmission cost, acceptable cost of infrastructures, lower latency, high security, seamless roaming, intelligence, etc. 5G technology has great impetus to smart city. Global mobile network is the basic network of 5G communication technology that provides roaming service for mobile users.