مقاله انگلیسی رایگان در مورد به سوی ارتباطات زنده: IoT نسل پنجم – تیلور و فرانسیس 2018

IoT (Internet of Things) is seen as the most promising technology to realize the vision of connected living. Pervasive connectivity is brought about by intelligent, automatic, smart, and context-aware physical objects that think and act intelligently, without explicit human involvement. In the upcoming years, it is expected to not only enhance the quality of life, but also open-up new revenue streams [1]. The economic influence of IoT is expected to be in the range of $2.7–$6.2 trillion by 2025 [1]. Capabilities of IoT promise to save people’s and organizations money and time while at the same time contributing towards enhanced outcomes in a wide range of novel application areas [2]. We can begin to imagine the socio-economic impact of multiple services like education, health care, transportation, security, surveillance, agriculture, automotive, shipping, logistics, smart homes, smart grids, and smart cities. An example of connected environment is depicted in Figure 1. A connected ecosystem would involve many IoT-enabled devices, connected to the Internet for supporting a wide variety of applications. Figure 1 shows the applications of automated connectivity for smart cities, smart health care, smart agriculture, and smart industries. In order to realize IoT to its full potential, there is an impending need to investigate its convergence with emerging technologies and innovations. Wireless communications, one of the most successful technologies in recent years, offer to manage the complexities, like scalability, ubiquitous coverage, backhaul connectivity, and installation, associated with IoT. The ongoing revolution in wireless communications, especially Machine-to-Machine (M2M) technologies, can be considered as the first phase of IoT deployment [1]. However, legacy cellular technologies are inherently designed for an optimized Human-toHuman (H2H) communication and thus, are not effi- cient for M2M communications [1]. Next generation 5G communications, rapidly coming into the limelight, offer many novel and potentially disruptive elements to human-centric legacy broadband networks [3]. Recently, massive Machine-Type Communications (MTCs) gained the consensus of stakeholders, at the 3GPP RAN 5G Workshop, as a high-level use case for immediate address [4]. This would ultimately lead to embedding of an IoT landscape in the emerging 5G systems. Furthermore, with the promise of increase in capacity, reduction in end-to-end latency, better reliability, and improvement in coverage, 5G holds the potential to address even the most demanding IoT requirements [3]. Motivation: the efficient, seamless, and unified connectivity of “things” over the “Internet” requires understanding and analysis of wireless technologies for the IoT domain. 3GPP standardization of 5G has already been initiated and would potentially impact global IoT in the near future. IoT landscape requires not only new protocols but also architecture standardization to meet the expected deployment of billions of entities in the near future. It is therefore important to align the research work in IoT domain with 5G standardization, lest the market fragmentation impedes IoT globalization. Many research and innovations pertaining to 5G are already gaining momentum at a global level. We believe it is critical to develop an insight into the current and advanced state of research in the wireless domain from IoT perspective. This motivates us to investigate IoT requirements from 5G wireless perspective.